# Zero the superblock on all the members of the array. One other thing I had to do a number of times during my testing was delete and re-create the array, which is not too difficult: # Unmount the array. Reset the disks after finishing mdadm testing dev/md0 /mnt/raid1/ ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1 Sudo mdadm -detail -scan | sudo tee -a /etc/mdadm/nfĪnd to make sure the filesystem is mounted at boot, add the following line to the bottom of your /etc/fstab file: # Add the following line to the bottom of /etc/fstab: To make sure mdadm automatically configures the RAID array on boot, persist the configuration into the /etc/mdadm/nf file: # Configure mdadm to start the RAID at boot: Get the current status of MD: cat /proc/mdstatĪnd if all else fails, resort to Google :) Making the MD device persistent after boots.Get the detailed status of an MD device: sudo mdadm -detail /dev/md0.You may also want to watch the progress and status of your RAID array while it is being initialized or at any given time, and there are two things you should monitor: It looked like a race condition of some sort, and after some Googling, I found out that's exactly what it was! The post mdadm: device or resource busy had the solution-disable udev when creating the volume, for example: $ sudo udevadm control -stop-exec-queue I also ran into the message Device or resource busy when I tried formatting four SSDs, and it would always be a different device that was listed as the one being busy. Mdadm: /dev/sdd1 is not suitable for this array.Īnd further, I would get: mdadm: RUN_ARRAY failed: Unknown error 524Īnd the solution I found in this StackOverflow question was to run: echo 1 > /sys/module/raid0/parameters/default_layout For example, when I was trying to format four HDDs the first time, I got: mdadm: super1.x cannot open /dev/sdd1: Device or resource busy I ran into a few different issues when formatting different sets of disks. # Create a mount point for the new RAID device. Sudo mdadm -create -verbose /dev/md0 -level=10 -raid-devices=4 /dev/sd1
# Create a RAID 10 array using four drives.
I'm going to create a RAID 10 array for my own use-you can check out the associated video linked above for the reasons why I chose RAID 10 instead of something else. Using Linux's Multiple Device admin tool ( mdadm), we can put these drives together in any common RAID arrangement. Create a RAID device using mdadmĪt this point, we have four independent disks, each with one partition spanning the whole volume. There are ways you can script fdisk to apply a given layout to multiple drives at the same time, but with just four drives, it's quick enough to go into fdisk, then press n, then press 'enter' for each of the defaults, then w to write it, and q to quit. So for each of my devices ( sda through sdd), I ran fdisk to create one primary partition: $ sudo fdisk /dev/sda but there are a couple small reasons it seems safer that way. Technically it's not required to partition before creating the array. how is there also an NVMe drive there?! Well, I'm also testing some PCI multi-port switches with the Pi-follow that issue for progress.) Partition the drives with fdiskįor each of the drives that were recognized, if you want to use it in a RAID array (which I do), you should add a partition. Once that's done, you should be able to see any drives attached to the card after boot using lsblk, for example: $ lsblk
RASPBERRY PI USB DRIVE FORMAT FULL
I have full directions for recompiling the kernel with SATA support on the Pi itself, too!
RASPBERRY PI USB DRIVE FORMAT DRIVERS
Raspberry Pi OS (and indeed, any OS optimized for the Pi currently, like Ubuntu Server for Pi) doesn't include all the standard drivers and kernel modules you might be used to having available on a typical Linux distribution.Īnd the SATA kernel modules are not included by default, which means the first step in using a PCIe card like the IO Crest (which has a Marvell 9215 chip-which is supported in the kernel) is to compile (or cross-compile, in my case) the kernel with CONFIG_ATA and CONFIG_SATA_AHCI enabled. The rest of this blog post will go through some of the details for setup, but I don't have the space in this post to compile all my learnings here-check out the linked issue and video for that! Getting the SATA card working with the Pi
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